Corn Inbred lines for dairy cattle feed

ABSTRACT

An inbred corn line designated AR5252bm3 is disclosed. AR5252bm3 is useful for producing F1 hybrid corn seed and plants therefrom. Such corn plants exhibit the brown midrib phenotype and yield a silage that, when fed to dairy cattle, increases milk production.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates to corn inbred lines and the feeding of corn silage for lactating dairy cattle. More particularly the invention relates to a dairy cattle feed ration comprising silage from corn plants exhibiting the brown midrib phenotype.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Breeding of Corn Plants

Corn plants (Zea mays L.) are bred by both self-pollination and cross-pollination techniques. Corn is a monoecious plant, i.e., each plant has separate male and female flowers on the same plant, located on the tassel and ear, respectively. Natural pollination occurs in corn when pollen is shed from tassels and contacts silks of the same plant or a different plant that protrude from tops of the developing ears. Methods and techniques for the development of inbred corn lines and hybrid corn varieties are known in the art. Hallauer, A., Maize, in Principles of Cultivar Development, Vol. 2, Fehr. W. ed. pp. 249-294, Macmillan, New York, (1987). Currently, many hybrid corn varieties are produced by crossing two inbred lines to produce F₁ hybrid progeny. The F₁ plants exhibit heterosis, or hybrid vigor, resulting in plants having high yield and superior agronomic performance in the hybrid combination. The production and development of inbred corn lines and hybrid corn varieties are discussed in, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 5,367,109, which is incorporated herein by reference.

Research studies on maize have resulted in the identification of numerous genetic loci. See, e.g., the maize genetic database on the Worldwide Web at http://teosinte.agron.missour.edu/top.html.

To supply the need nutrients for increased milk production by lactating dairy cattle is an ongoing challenge facing the dairy industry. This challenge is complicated by the fact that, even though a dairy cow's diet may meet the National Research Council recommended nutrient requirements, the diet may still lack some nutrients at increased levels required for higher milk production. One reason for this difficulty in meeting nutrient requirements is the complexity of the digestive system of ruminants such as dairy cattle.

In cattle, ingested feed first passes into the reticulorumen, where it is subject to anaerobic microbial fermentation. Microbial fermentation begins the digestive process and gives a ruminant the ability to utilize fibrous feeds, in contrast to monogastric animals. Ruminants meet their nutrient needs by utilizing the by-products of microbial fermentation, along with any undigested feed residues and the resultant microbial mass that passes from the rumen.

Anaerobic microbial fermentation is an advantage to ruminants because it allows them to benefit from feeds which cannot be utilized by non-ruminants. However, microbial activity limits the ability to provide supplemental nutrients to a ruminant animal, because many desirable nutrients, such as proteins, amino acids and digestible fiber, will be metabolized by microbes before the nutrients reach a site where they can be absorbed and utilized by the ruminant.

Attempts have been made to increase milk production in dairy cattle by manipulating the feed ration. For example, rations containing silage derived from corn plants carrying a brown midrib mutation have been fed to cattle. Stallings, C. et al., J. Dairy Sci., 65:1945-1949 (1982); Block, E. et al., J. Dairy Sci. 64:1813-1825 (1981); Keith, E. et al., J. Dairy Sci. 62:788 (1979). The bm gene decreases and alters the lignin content in the vegetative parts of such corn plants; silage made from such plants has increased fiber digestibility compared to silage from corn plants not exhibiting the brown midrib phenotype. In general, these studies indicated that there was no increase in milk production in cows fed silage from bm corn. It was concluded that the cows fed a diet containing bm silage partitioned the nutrients into meat or fat body tissues rather than milk production. Barriere et al., Agronomie 13:865-876 (1993).

Attempts have been made to increase the efficiency of feed utilization and milk production by using various formulations and feed supplements. Despite continued improvement in the development of dairy cattle feed rations, it is desirable to further increase the efficiency of feed utilization and milk production by dairy cattle.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Inbred corn seed is disclosed herein. Inbred corn seeds of the invention include seed designated AR5252bm3, AR5251bm3, AR5651bm3, AR5551bm3, AR5153bm3, AR5253bm3 and AR5654bm3.

Also disclosed herein is hybrid corn seed that is produced from plants of any one of the above inbred corn line, which has been crossed to plants of a second inbred line that is homozygous for bm3.

An F₁ hybrid corn plant is disclosed herein. An F₁ corn plant of the invention is produced by planting and growing seeds of a first corn inbred line selected from the above-identified inbred lines, i.e., AR5252bm3, AR5251bm3, AR5651bm3, AR5551bm3, AR5153bm3, AR5253bm3 and AR5654bm3. These seeds are planted in proximity to seeds of a second inbred line that is homozygous for bm3, so that natural pollination between plants of the two inbred lines can take place. Pollen production is prevented on plants of the first inbred line or on plants of the second inbred line, e.g., by removal of tassels prior to pollen production. Natural cross pollination then is allowed to occur between the inbred line plants which are producing pollen and the inbred line plants which have had pollen production prevented. Seeds are produced on the plants which have had pollen production prevented and these seeds are harvested. At least one of the harvested seeds is then grown into a plant.

An article of manufacture is disclosed herein, which comprises packaging material, a substantially homogenous assemblage of F₁ hybrid corn seeds within the packaging material and a package label accompanying the packaging material. The seeds within the packaging material are homozygous for at least one bm locus, i.e., a brown midrib locus. The package label indicates that the seeds within the package are suitable for producing plants that yield a silage that can be used in the feeding of dairy cattle. The seeds can be homozygous for bm3. The seeds may be produced by hybrid combination of plants from a first corn inbred line selected from the above-identified lines, i.e., AR5252bm3, AR5251bm3, AR5651bm3, AR5551bm3, AR5153bm3, AR5253bm3 and AR5654bm3 and plants of a second inbred line that is homozygous for bm3.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

A dairy cattle feed ration has been discovered that comprises a corn silage produced from corn plants exhibiting a brown midrib phenotype; feeding of such silage to dairy cattle results in unexpected improvements in milk production.

A silage component is produced from corn plants displaying the brown midrib phenotype. This phenotype is exhibited by plants homozygous for a mutant allele at either the bm1, bm2, bm3 or bm4 locus. In some embodiments, such plants may display the brown midrib phenotype due to homozygosity at more than one of the bm loci. Mutant bm alleles are known to reduce and alter the lignin content in plants homozygous for such alleles. The lignin content may be reduced 20%, 30%, or up to about 45% compared to corn of the same genetic background but having a wild-type Bm gene.

Corn inbreds and hybrids carrying bm alleles and displaying the bm phenotype may be produced by corn breeding methods known in the art. In one embodiment, a corn inbred line is converted to the bm phenotype in a breeding program initiated from the F₁ progeny of a cross between a plant of a first inbred (wild-type for the bm phenotype) and plants of a second line carrying the desired bm allele. F₁ plants are backcrossed to the first inbred line until an inbred line is obtained that has substantially the same genotype as the original inbred line except for the replacement of the wild-type Bm gene by the mutant bm gene.

In another embodiment, a pedigree breeding program may be used in which two inbreds, one of which carries the bm phenotype, are crossed and new, unique inbreds are selected that carry desired yield and agronomic performance characteristics as well as the bm phenotype. Conversion programs, pedigree breeding programs, breeding programs using synthetics and other methods for obtaining bm inbreds are known in the art. See, e.g., Hallauer, et al. in Corn and Corn Improvement, Sprague et al., eds. pp. 463-564 (1988).

In addition to selecting and identifying plants containing a mutant bm gene, it is desirable to select concomitantly for plants having superior agronomic and yield performance characteristics.

Techniques for identifying plants displaying the brown midrib phenotype are known in the art. For example, the underside of leaves may be examined at 10-14 days before tassel emergence (4-6 leaf stage, 2-3 ft. height) for the appearance of a golden-brown or reddish-brown color on the midrib. Plants may also be examined at maturity by removing a leaf sheath and examining the stalk. The stalk has a golden-brown or reddish-brown color if the brown midrib phenotype is expressed. Brown pigment is also present in the cob and in the roots. Because the bm phenotype is recessive, the presence of the bm gene in heterozygotes can be determined by performing a self and evaluating the selfed progeny for the expected 3:1 segregation ratio. Alternatively, marker-assisted breeding techniques may be used, e.g., restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP), simple sequence repeats (SSR), microsatellite markers or PCR markers. Marker-assisted breeding techniques are useful, in that plants heterozygous for the bm allele can be identified without the necessity for evaluating phenotypic ratios in selfed progeny.

Once inbreds having the bm phenotype and desired performance characteristics have been identified, each inbred is evaluated for the development of appropriate hybrid combinations by test crosses or top crosses to another inbred displaying the bm phenotype. Methods and tests for identifying appropriate hybrid combinations having the desired yield, maturity and other agronomic performance characteristics are known in the art.

Examples of corn inbreds suitable for producing corn silage include, without limitation, inbreds AR5252bm3, 7675bm3, 7677bm3, AR5251bm3 and AR5651bm3. Applicants have deposited seeds of the inbred lines indicated in Table 1 with the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), Rockville, Md. 20852 U.S.A. The seeds deposited with the ATCC are taken from the same deposit maintained by Cargill, Inc., Wayzata, Minn. since prior to the filing date of this application. The deposits of the corn inbreds in Table 1 will be maintained without restriction in the ATCC depository for a period of 30 years, or 5 years after the most recent request, or for the effective life of the patent, whichever is longer, and will be replaced if the deposit becomes non-viable during that period.

                  TABLE 1     ______________________________________     Line Designation                  ATCC Deposit No.                               Date of Deposit     ______________________________________     AR5252bm3    209624       February 9, 1998     ______________________________________

Seeds possessing a mutant bm allele are also available from various universities and seed stock centers. These seeds can also be used to initiate a bm breeding program.

An inbred line according to the invention preferably is homozygous for a bm3 allele. Certain bm3 alleles have been sequenced, e.g., the bm3-1 and bm3-2 alleles. Vignols et al. Plant Cell 7:407-416 (1995). Alleles that have a deletion, e.g., a deletion similar to that in bm3-2, are preferred because such alleles are less likely to revert to wild-type.

It is known in the art that maize germplasm can be divided into a number of distinct heterotic groupings. Such groups include Reid Yellow Dent, Lancaster Sure Crop and subgroups such as Iowa Stiff Stalk Synthetic (Reid Yellow Dent) and Oh43 (Lancaster Sure Crop). One important aspect of a maize breeding program is the identification of the heterotic group to which a particular inbred belongs. By identifying the heterotic group or subgroup, it becomes possible to more clearly determine the appropriate types of crosses, in order to obtain sufficient levels of heterosis or hybrid vigor. Because of the large number of possible heterotic groupings to which a given inbred can belong, it is useful to ascertain which heterotic groups can be most advantageously used to form a hybrid combination from brown midrib inbreds. Inbreds having the mutant bm phenotype have not been tested in all possible heterotic groups for the effect of the bm phenotype on expression of the mutant trait and the effect on other agronomic traits.

Once a suitable pair of inbred lines has been identified and F₁ hybrid seed has been prepared therefrom, the resulting seed is planted and cultivated according to standard agronomic practices in the geographic area to which the hybrid is adapted. Growers will also typically take into account soil fertility, crop rotation practices and other factors specific to the locale in which the hybrid corn is being grown.

Typically, a substantially uniform assemblage of F₁ bm hybrid corn seeds is conditioned and bagged in packaging material by means known in the art to form an article of manufacture. Such a bag of seed preferably has a package label accompanying the bag, e.g., a tag or label secured to the packaging material, a label printed on the packaging material or a label inserted within the bag. The package label indicates that the seeds therein are suitable for producing silage that can be fed to dairy cattle. Preferably, the package label indicates that the resulting silage is to be combined with a feed composition component as disclosed herein. The package label may also indicate that silage resulting from seeds contained therein may increase milk production when fed to lactating cows as disclosed herein.

F₁ hybrid corn plants derived from inbred lines of the invention may be grown to maturity and the seeds produced thereon harvested for use as grain. However, above-ground parts of the hybrid corn plants are preferably harvested after grain fill, but before drydown. Typically, the plants are harvested using a mechanical forage harvester which chops the above-ground portion of the plant into small pieces. Harvesting typically occurs when the color line is halfway down the kernel, based on the stage of seed maturity. The precise harvest time will depend, of course, upon geographical location and seasonal factors such as the weather. The chopped material is then ensiled by techniques known in the art, e.g., in trenches or in concrete stave silos. Microbial inoculants and/or preservatives may be added to promote silage formation, if desired.

Corn silage from bm hybrids is fed to dairy cattle as a total dairy cattle feed ration comprising bm silage and a feed composition. A feed composition component of the invention may be a complete feed form, a concentrate form, blender form or base mix form.

By complete feed form it is meant that the feed represents the cows entire grain ration. By concentrate form it is meant that the feed will be used as the primary supplemental protein source and would normally be fed with grain to meet the cows protein needs. By blender form it is meant that the feed will be mixed with approximately a 50:50 ratio with grain to form the complete grain ration. The base mix form is similar to the concentrate form, but is typically higher in protein content and is used at lower inclusion rates. The base mix form will be a primary, but often not the sole source of supplemental protein.

A complete feed form composition typically contains wheat middlings, corn, meat and bone meal, soybean meal, salt, macro-minerals, trace minerals and vitamins. Alternative or optional ingredients commonly include, but are not restricted to, fat, sunflower meal, feather meal, malt sprouts, distillers' grains, canola meal and soybean hulls. Other alternative or optional protein sources include, for example, blood meal, corn gluten meal, peanut meal, cottonseed meal, soybeans (extruded or roasted), wheat bran and high fat rice bran.

The nutrient composition of a complete feed composition component typically provides crude protein at from about 16% to about 27% on a dry matter basis, preferably about 22% to about 25%. Rumen undegraded protein (RUP) comprises from about 30% to about 50%, preferably from about 35% to about 45% of the total crude protein. The fat content is typically from about 4% to about 8%, preferably from about 4% to about 6%. Soluble protein (SP) typically comprises from about 15% to about 30% of the crude protein, preferably about 20% to about 25%. The NFC content typically comprises from about 36% to about 46% of the feed composition on a dry matter basis, preferably from about 39% to about 43%.

A concentrate form composition, a blender form composition or a base mix form composition can be prepared by those of skill in the art, based upon the complete feed composition discussed above.

In one embodiment, the complete feed form composition comprises about 7 to about 56 weight percent corn, about 20 to about 50 weight percent wheat middlings and about 0.25 to about 4 weight percent soybean meal. In a preferred embodiment, the complete feed form composition comprises about 35 weight percent corn, about 20 weight percent wheat middlings and about 2 weight percent soybean meal.

Grains fed with the blender, concentrate and base mix forms of the composition can include, but are not limited to, corn, barley, oats, millet, rice, sorghum and wheat. Intake of the total grain ration will typically range from 6 to about 37 pounds per day. If the composition is in the complete feed form, the percent protein level is preferably from about 14 to about 24 percent by weight. If the composition is in a form of a concentrate, the protein level is preferably from about 32 to about 48 percent by weight. If the composition is in the form of a blender, the protein level in the composition is from about 24 to about 26 percent by weight. If the composition is in the form of a base mix, the protein level is preferably from about 55 to about 65 percent by weight.

The silage component and the feed composition component are combined and fed to dairy cattle. The bm silage may comprise from about 5% by weight of the total dairy cattle feed ration to about 60% by weight of the total ration on a dry matter basis. The bm silage component of the ration preferably is about 20% to about 50% on a dry matter basis of the ration, more preferably from about 25% to about 35% by weight. Other roughage sources that may be used to complete the ration include, but are not limited to, corn silage from non-Bm corn plants, alfalfa haylage, grass silages (e.g., sudangrass, orchardgrass or sorghum-based silage), grass hays (e.g., sudangrass or orchardgrass) and alfalfa or clover hay, as is known in the art.

A dairy cattle feed ration according to the invention may be fed to both primiparous and multiparous cows, either in early, mid or late lactation.

A dairy cattle feed ration comprising bm corn silage provides significant increases in milk production compared to other dairy cattle feed rations. A dairy cattle feed ration formed by combining a silage component disclosed herein and a feed composition component leads to an increase in milk production of about 4 lbs/cow/day, preferably greater than about 5 lbs/cow/day, more preferably greater than about 8 lbs/cow/day. A dairy cattle feed ration as disclosed herein provides significant utility to the producer because of such increases in milk production.

The invention will be further understood with reference to the following illustrative embodiments, which are purely exemplary and should not be taken as limiting the true scope of the present invention as described in the claims.

EXAMPLE 1 Preparation of Silage from a Brown Midrib Hybrid

Inbred lines AR5252bm3 and 7675bm3 are crossed (AR5252bm3×7675bm3) to make F₁ hybrid seed carrying the brown midrib genotype. Control hybrid seed is prepared by crossing the unconverted parental lines, MED947×7675, respectively.

The control and bm hybrid seed is planted at a density of 24,900 kernels per acre and cultivated using a standard fertilization program. The corn is harvested 4 months after planting, using a forage harvester having a 3/8 in. theoretical length of cut (TLC) and a screen. The harvested material is placed in polyethylene bags (Ag Bags). If desired, the harvested material is treated with inoculant and/or preservative. The forage yield for bm corn silage is about 1 wet ton per acre less than the control hybrid corn.

Samples are collected from the polyethylene bags after 30 days of fermentation/storage and assayed for nutrient concentrations. Typical results are shown in Table 2. The control corn silage and the BMR corn silage are similar in nutrient composition, except for fiber digestibility and NE_(L) concentration. The greater NE_(L) concentration is likely related to the in vitro digestibility of NDF, ADF, and hemicellulose.

                  TABLE 2     ______________________________________     Nutrient composition of corn silages.sup.1     Nutrient           Control BMR     ______________________________________     Dry matter, %      34.6    31.9     Crude protein, %   8.18    8.58     Fat, %             2.74    2.59     ADF, %             18.76   19.93     NDF, %             38.20   40.67     Hemicellulose, %   19.44   20.74     NDF dig., %        52.4    65.3     ADF dig., %        43.5    60.9     Hemicellulose dig., %                        60.9    69.5     Ash, %             3.34    3.63     NFC, %             47.54   44.53     NE.sub.L, Mcal/cwt.                        76.0    80.5     Ca, %              .19     .19     P, %               .23     .22     Mg, %              .14     .13     K, %               1.09    1.27     Na, %              .01     .09     Salt, %            .22     .13     ______________________________________      .sup.1 Nutrients are expressed on a dry matter basis.

EXAMPLE 2 Formulation of a Dairy Cattle Feed Ration

The following experimental diets are developed to be fed as a total mixed ration (TMR). The following assumptions are used in ration formulation: the early lactation experimental dairy cow is estimated to weigh 1,400 lbs. and to produce 110 lbs. of milk with 3.30% fat, 3.10% milk protein and no body weight change. Dry matter intake (DMI) is predicted to be slightly less than 4.0% of body weight. The TMR is formulated to contain on a dry matter basis: 50% complete feed mix, 33% corn silage and 17% alfalfa haylage. The ingredient composition of the complete feed is given in Table 3 and the nutrient composition of the complete feed mix is given in Table 4.

                  TABLE 3     ______________________________________     Ingredient Composition of Complete Feed.sup.1                           Composition     INGREDIENT            (% by weight)     ______________________________________     Corn, coarse ground   38.7     Wheat Middlings       20.0     Meat & Bone Meal (50% protein)                           1.5     Hi Pro Soybean Meal(49% crude protein)                           1.9     Feather Meal          3.5     Canola Meal           20.0     Animal fat            2.3     Minerals and Vitamins 4.7     Distillers grains     7.4     Total                 100.0     ______________________________________      .sup.1 As fed basis.

                  TABLE 4     ______________________________________     Nutrient Composition of Complete Feed     NUTRIENT           COMPOSITION.sup.1     ______________________________________     Dry Matter         88.0     Crude Protein (CP) 23.0     Soluble Protein (SP as % of CP)                        21.0     RUP (% of CP)      45.0     Fat                 5.0     Net Energy of Lactation (NE.sub.L)                        92.0     Meal/kg     Acid Detergent Fiber (ADF)                         9.3     Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF)                        19.5     Non-Fiber Carbohydrate (NFC)                        43.0     Calcium             1.40     Phosphorus           .90     Magnesium            .45     Sulfur               .50     Salt                1.50     ______________________________________      .sup.1 Percentages for nutrients given as % by weight on a dry matter      basis

Brown midrib (BMR) or control corn silage (Example 2) are combined with complete feed mix and alfalfa haylage to form the rations, using each silage in an equal amount on a dry matter basis. Rations contain approximately 18.5% crude protein, 32% soluble protein and 40% rumen undegraded protein. Both rations are adjusted to a calculated pH of about 6.2 Both rations are balanced to meet or exceed mineral, vitamin and total bypass protein requirements.

EXAMPLE 3 Milk Production Using BMR Silage in a Dairy Cattle Ration

20 lactating dairy cows are utilized in a randomized complete block design experiment, consisting of 5 primiparous cows and 5 multiparous cows fed control silage and 5 primiparous cows and 5 multiparous cows fed BMR silage. Cows are randomly assigned after calving. During the fifth week postpartum, the cows are abruptly switched to the appropriate feeding ration and continued on that ration from week 5 to week 17 postpartum. Primiparous cows are producing more than 55 lbs./day of milk during the 4th week postpartum. Multiparous cows are producing greater than 65 lbs./day of milk during the 4th week postpartum. All cows are disease free and otherwise healthy. Cows are fed ad libitum for the duration of the experiment, twice daily at 12 hour intervals, if possible. Cows are fed to allow for 5 to 10% feed refusal.

The dietary ration and percentages of complete feed mix, corn silage and alfalfa haylage on a dry matter basis are given in Table 5.

                  TABLE 5     ______________________________________     Dietary feeding guidelines to feed     concentrate mix and forages     Control      BMR               Control                                           BMR     ration       ration            ration ration     ______________________________________     Ration  % of DM  % of DM  DM, %  % as   % as     Content                          Fed    Fed     Control 33.0     --       34.6   50.3   --     Silage     BMR     --       33.0     31.9   --     52.4     Silage     Complete             50.0     50.0     88.0   30.0   28.8     Feed     Alfalfa 17.0     17.0     45.6   19.7   18.9     Haylage     Total   100.0    100.0           100.0  100.0     ______________________________________

Milk production is measured at each milking and reported daily. Two samples of milk are taken weekly from each cow for composition analysis, including fat, protein, lactose, solids-not-fat and somatic cell counts. Body weights are recorded weekly after calving. Body condition scores are recorded at approximately weeks 4, 8, 12 and 16 postpartum. The same employee records condition scores at each measurement time. Body conditions scores are recorded according to the definitions indicated in Table 6.

                  TABLE 6     ______________________________________     Instructions for Body Condition Scoring     Score    Definition     ______________________________________     1        Loin area has limited flesh covering, is prominent              and the ends of spinous processes are sharp to              touch. Definite overhanging shelf effect is              visible. Individual vertebrae of the hind quarters              are prominent and distinct. Hooks and pin bones are              notable. The area below the tail-head and between              pin bones is severely depressed causing the bone              structure of the area to appear extremely sharp.     2        Individual spinous processes are usually discernible              but are not prominent. Ends of processes are sharp              to touch, although they have greater flesh covering.              The processes do not have a distinct overhanging              shelf effect. Individual vertebrae of the hind              quarters are not visually distinct but are readily              distinguishable by palpitation. Hooks and pin bones              are prominent, but the depression between them is              less severe. The area below the tail-head and              between the pin bones is depressed, but the bone              structure is not devoid of flesh covering.     3        Spinous processes are discernible by applying slight              pressure. Area over processes appears smooth and              the overhanging shelf effect is not noticeable.              Vertebrae of the hindquarters appear as a rounded              ridge. Hooks and pin bones are rounded and smooth.              The area between the pin bones and around the tail-              head appear smooth without sign of fat deposition.     4        Individual spinous processes can be distinguished              only by firm palpitation. Processes appear flat or              rounded with no overhanging shelf effect. The ridge              formed by the vertebrae of the hindquarters is              rounded and smooth, flattening out as you move              forward. Hooks are rounded, and the span between              hooks is flat. The area around the tail-head and              pin bones is rounded with evidence of fat              deposition.     5        Bone structure of the vertebral column, spinous              processes, hooks and pin bone regions is not              visually apparent. Evidence of fat deposition is              prominent. The tail head appears to be buried in              fatty tissue.     ______________________________________

The results indicate that cows fed BMR silage have a statistically significant increase in milk production when comparing unadjusted means or when comparing covariate adjusted means. The increase is from about 4 lbs. milk/cow/day to about 11 lbs. milk/cow/day.

EXAMPLE 4 Development of Corn Inbred Lines and Hybrids Having a Brown Midrib Phenotype

Line MED947 is a corn inbred that has the characteristics shown in Table 7. Line MED947 was crossed to B73bm3 (stock no. 980392, obtained from the Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Ind.). After completing a conversion program, an inbred line designated as AR5252bm3 was obtained. The backcrossing program is shown in Table 8.

Line MED154 is a corn inbred that has the characteristics shown in Table 9. Line MED154 was backcrossed to AR5151bm3 as indicated in Table 10 to obtain line AR5251bm3. The bm3 allele in AR5151bm3 was obtained from A632bm3 (Purdue University).

Line MED058 is a corn inbred that has the characteristics shown in Table 11. Line MED058 was backcrossed with line AR5654bm3. The bm3 allele in AR5654bm3 was derived from Mo17bm3 (Purdue University).

Line 7675 was crossed to Oh545bm3 (stock no. 980390, Department of Agronomy, Purdue University) in a conversion program as shown in Table 8, resulting in an inbred line designated 7675bm3.

Line 7677 was crossed to Mo17bm3 (stock no. 980394, Department of Agronomy, Purdue University) in a conversion program as shown in Table 8, resulting in an inbred line designated as 7677bm3.

Characteristics of the inbred lines AR5252bm3, 7675bm3 and 7677bm3 are shown in Table 12. Data on flowering for six inbred lines is shown in Table 13.

Line AR5252bm3 was crossed as a female to 7675bm3 and to 7677bm3 to form F₁ hybrids XB657 and XB757, respectively. Characteristics of XB657 are shown in Table 14. Characteristics of XB757 are shown in Table 15.

Hybrid checks were prepared from crosses of AR5252×7675 and AR5252×7677. These F₁ hybrids do not exhibit the brown midrib phenotype.

Pairwise comparisons of forage yield, quality profiles and energy values for XB657 and unconverted control hybrid 657 are shown in Table 16. The same comparisons are shown for XB757 and control hybrid 757 in Table 17.

Lines AR5751bm3, AR5654bm3, AR5253bm3, AR5153bm3 and AR5551bm3 were developed by backcrossing programs similar to those described above. Each of these lines exhibits the brown midrib phenotype. Characteristics of these lines are shown in Tables 18-23.

To the extent not already indicated, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that any one of the various specific embodiments herein described and illustrated may be further modified to incorporate features shown in other of the specific embodiments.

The foregoing detailed description has been provided for a better understanding of the invention only and no unnecessary limitation should be understood therefrom as some modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art without deviating from the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

                  TABLE 7     ______________________________________     Description of Line MED947     ______________________________________     COTYLEDON LEAF     ANTHOCYANIN          N/A     LENGTH               N/A     PLANT AND STALK     PLANT HEIGHT         7.50 ft.     EAR HEIGHT           3.00 ft.     UNIFORMITY RATING    8     ANTHOCY. IN BRACE ROOTS                          PRESENT     ANTHOCY. IN NODES    ABSENT     DIAM. AT 2nd NODE    0.00 in.     ROOT RATING          N/A     LEAVES     ANGLE                UPRIGHT     COLOR                MEDIUM GREEN     TOTAL NUMBER     NUMBER ABOVE EAR     5-6     LENGTH, EAR LEAF     0 in.     MAX., WIDTH, EAR LEAF                          0.00     ANTHOCYANIN, MARGIN  ABSENT     ANTHOCYANIN, SHEATH  ABSENT     PUBESCENCE, SHEATH   PRESENT     PUBESCENCE, MARGINS  PRESENT     PLANT, TILLERING TASSEL                          0.00     TASSEL     COMPACTNESS          COMPACT     BRANCH ANGLE         <30     NUMBER PRIMARY BRANCHES                          4-8     SECONDARY BRANCH     PRESENT     LENGTH               N/A     SIZE RATING          7     TASSEL EXTENSION     PARTIALLY ENCLOSED     SHED IN BOOT?        NO     DIFFICULTY IN PULLING                          AVERAGE     NUMBER LEAVES PULLED 0     ANTHER COLOR         YELLOW     GLUME COLOR     TIP                  RED     BASE                 LIGHT GREEN     BAND                 RED     POLLEN SHED DURATION AVERAGE     POLLEN AMOUNT RATING AVERAGE     EAR CHARACTERISTICS     SILK COLOR           YELLOW     EAR LEAVES           ABSENT     HUSK     COVERAGE             COVERS TIP     LOOSENESS            TIGHT     EAR ANGLE RATING     6     SHANK LENGTH         <4 in.     EAR LENGTH           6-9 in.     EAR SHAPE            CYLINDRICAL     UNIFORMITY           8     KERNEL     NO. ROWS             16     TYPE                 SEMI DENT     SIZE                 AVERAGE     BODY COLOR           YELLOW     CROWN COLOR          LIGHT YELLOW     COB     COLOR                PINK     DIAMETER MIDPOINT    <1 in.     INSECT RESISTANCE     ATTRACTIVE TO APHIDS N/A     DISEASE RESISTANCE RATINGS     NORTHERN LEAF BLIGHT(R2)                          5B     SOUTHERN LEAF BLIGHT(R0)                          6B     NORTHERN COB LEAF SPOT(R3)                          6B     STEWARTS BACTERIAL WILT                          6B     GREY LEAF SPOT       8B     EYESPOT              6B     ANTHRACNOSE          6B     ______________________________________      (9 = Resistant, 1 = Susceptible)      (Letter indicates confidence level)

                  TABLE 8     ______________________________________     Inbred Line Conversion to Brown MidRib     ______________________________________            AR5252bm3            (MED947XB73bm.sub.3) MED947BC.sub.6            (MED947XB73bm.sub.3) MED947BC.sub.5 S.sub.1            (MED947XB73bm.sub.3) MED947BC.sub.5            (MED947XB73bm.sub.3) MED947BC.sub.4            (MED947XB73bm.sub.3) MED947BC.sub.3 S.sub.1            (MED947XB73bm.sub.3) MED947BC.sub.3            (MED947XB73bm.sub.3) MED947BC.sub.2            (MED947XB73bm.sub.3) MED947BC.sub.1 S.sub.1            (MED947XB73bm.sub.3) MED947BC.sub.1            (MED947XB73bm.sub.3) F.sub.1            MED947XB73bm.sub.3) F.sub.0            7675bm3            (7675xOh545bm.sub.3) 7675BC.sub.6 S.sub.1            (7675xOh545bm.sub.3) 7675BC.sub.6            (7675xOh545bm.sub.3) 7675BC.sub.5            (7675xOh545bm.sub.3) 7675BC.sub.4            (7675xOh545bm.sub.3) 7675BC.sub.3 S.sub.1            (7675xOh545bm.sub.3) 7675BC.sub.3            (7675xOh545bm.sub.3) 7675BC.sub.2            (7675xOh545bm.sub.3) 7675BC.sub.1 S.sub.1            (7675xOh545bm.sub.3) 7675BC.sub.1            (7675xOh545bm.sub.3) 7675F.sub.1            (7675xOh545bm.sub.3) F.sub.0            7677bm3            (7677xMo17bm.sub.3) 7677BC.sub.5 S.sub.1            (7677xMo17bm.sub.3) 7677BC.sub.5            (7677xMo17bm.sub.3) 7677BC.sub.4            (7677xMo17bm.sub.3) 7677BC.sub.3 S.sub.1            (7677xMo17bm.sub.3) 7677BC.sub.3            (7677xMo17bm.sub.3) 7677BC.sub.2            (7677xMo17bm.sub.3) 7677BC.sub.1 S.sub.1            (7677xMo17bm.sub.3) 7677BC.sub.1            (7677xMo17bm.sub.3) F.sub.1            (7677xMo17bm.sub.3) F.sub.0     ______________________________________

                  TABLE 9     ______________________________________     Description of Line MED154     ______________________________________     COTYLEDON LEAF     ANTHOCYANIN         N/A     LENGTH              <2     PLANT AND STALK     PLANT HEIGHT        7.0 ft.     EAR HEIGHT          2.0 ft.     UNIFORMITY RATING   7     ANTHOCY. IN BRACE ROOTS                         PRESENT     ANTHOCY. IN NODES   ABSENT     DIAM. AT 2nd NODE   1.0 in.     ROOT RATING         AVERAGE     LEAVES     ANGLE               VERY     COLOR               MEDIUM     TOTAL NUMBER        10-15     NUMBER ABOVE EAR    5-6     LENGTH, EAR LEAF    34 in.     MAX., WIDTH, EAR LEAF                         4.50     ANTHOCYANIN, MARGIN PRESENT     ANTHOCYANIN, SHEATH ABSENT     PUBESCENCE, SHEATH  ABSENT     PUBESCENCE, MARGINS PRESENT     PLANT, TILLERING TASSEL                         0.00     TASSEL     COMPACTNESS         AVERAGE     BRANCH ANGLE        30-60     NUMBER PRIMARY BRANCHES                         <4     SECONDARY BRANCH    ABSENT     LENGTH              10-14     SIZE RATING         2     TASSEL EXTENSION    PARTIALLY ENCLOSED     TASSEL FERTILITY    0     SHED IN BOOT?       NO     DIFFICULTY IN PULLING                         AVERAGE     NUMBER LEAVES PULLED                         1     ANTHER COLOR        PINK     GLUME COLOR     TIP                 LIGHT GREEN     BASE                RED     BAND                DARK GREEN     POLLEN SHED DURATION                         SHORT     POLLEN AMOUNT RATING                         LONG     EAR CHARACTERISTICS     SILK COLOR          RED     EAR LEAVES          MEDIUM     HUSK     COVERAGE            COVERS TIP     LOOSENESS           LOOSE     EAR ANGLE RATING    6     SHANK LENGTH        4-12     EAR LENGTH          6-9     EAR SHAPE           CONICAL     UNIFORMITY          7     KERNEL     NO. ROWS            16     TYPE                DENT     SIZE                AVERAGE     BODY COLOR          ORANGE     CROWN COLOR         YELLOW     COB     COLOR               WHITE     DIAMETER MIDPOINT   1-2     INSECT RESISTANCE     ATTRACTIVE TO APHIDS                         YES     ______________________________________

                  TABLE 10     ______________________________________     Inbred Line Conversion to Brown Midrib     ______________________________________             AR5251bm3             (MED154XAR5151bm.sub.3) C.sub.5             (MED154XAR5151bm.sub.3) C.sub.4             (MED154XAR5151bm.sub.3) C.sub.3 5.sub.1             (MED154XAR5151bm.sub.3) C.sub.3             (MED154XAR5151bm.sub.3) C.sub.2             (MED154XAR5151bm.sub.3) C.sub.1 5.sub.1             (MED154XAR5151bm.sub.3) C.sub.1             (MED154XAR5151bm.sub.3) F.sub.1             (MED154XAR5151bm.sub.3) F.sub.0             AR5651bm3             (MEDO58XAR5654bm.sub.3) C.sub.5 5.sub.1             (MEDO58XAR5654bm.sub.3) C.sub.5             (MEDO58XAR5654bm.sub.3) C.sub.4             (MEDO58XAR5654bm.sub.3) C.sub.3             (MEDO58XAR5654bm.sub.3) C.sub.2             (MEDO58XAR5654bm.sub.3) C.sub.1 5.sub.1             (MEDO58XAR5654bm.sub.3) C.sub.1             (MEDO58XAR5654bm.sub.3) F.sub.1             (MEDO58XAR5654bm.sub.3) F.sub.0     ______________________________________

                  TABLE 11     ______________________________________     Description of Line MED058     ______________________________________     COTYLEDON LEAF     ANTHOCYANIN         N/A     LENGTH              <2     PLANT AND STALK     PLANT HEIGHT        6.5 ft.     EAR HEIGHT          3.0 ft.     UNIFORMITY RATING   7     ANTHOCY. IN BRACE ROOTS                         PRESENT     ANTHOCY. IN NODES   ABSENT     DIAM. AT 2nd NODE   1.0 in.     ROOT RATING         AVERAGE     LEAVES     ANGLE               UPRIGHT     COLOR               LIGHT GREEN     TOTAL NUMBER        10-15     NUMBER ABOVE EAR    >6     LENGTH, EAR LEAF    21 in.     MAX., WIDTH, EAR LEAF                         3.00     ANTHOCYANIN, MARGIN PRESENT     ANTHOCYANIN, SHEATH ABSENT     PUBESCENCE, SHEATH  ABSENT     PUBESCENCE, MARGINS ABSENT     PLANT, TILLERING TASSEL                         0.00     TASSEL     COMPACTNESS         LOOSE     BRANCH ANGLE        >60     NUMBER PRIMARY BRANCHES                         4-6     SECONDARY BRANCH    ABSENT     LENGTH              >14     SIZE RATING         5     TASSEL EXTENSION    PARTIALLY ENCLOSED     TASSEL FERTILITY    0     SHED IN BOOT?       NO     DIFFICULTY IN PULLING                         EASY     NUMBER LEAVES PULLED                         2     ANTHER COLOR        YELLOW     GLUME COLOR     TIP                 LIGHT GREEN     BASE                LIGHT GREEN     BAND                DARK GREEN     POLLEN SHED DURATION                         AVERAGE     POLLEN AMOUNT RATING                         LIGHT     EAR CHARACTERISTICS     SILK COLOR          YELLOW     EAR LEAVES          ABSENT     HUSK     COVERAGE            COVERS TIP     LOOSENESS           AVERAGE     EAR ANGLE RATING    5     SHANK LENGTH        <4     EAR LENGTH          6-9     EAR SHAPE           CYLINDRICAL     UNIFORMITY          9     KERNEL     NO. ROWS            12     TYPE                DENT     SIZE                AVERAGE     BODY COLOR          ORANGE     CROWN COLOR         YELLOW     COB     COLOR               WHITE     DIAMETER MIDPOINT   <1     INSECT RESISTANCE     ATTRACTIVE TO APHIDS                         NO     ______________________________________

                                      TABLE 12     __________________________________________________________________________     Description of Line 7675bm3     __________________________________________________________________________     7675bm3     COTYLEDON LEAF              EAR CHARACTERISTICS     ANTHOCYANIN     PRESENT     SILK COLOR   YELLOW     LENGTH          2-3         EAR LEAVES   ABSENT                                 HUSK     PLANT AND STALK             COVERAGE     SHORT     PLANT HEIGHT    5.5 ft.     LOOSENESS    N/A     EAR HEIGHT      3.0 ft.     EAR ANGLE RATING                                              8     UNIFORMITY RATING                     2           SHANK LENGTH 4-12     ANTHOCY. IN BRACE ROOTS                     PRESENT     EAR LENGTH   6-9     ANTHOCY. IN NODES                     ABSENT      EAR SHAPE    CYLINDRICAL     DIAM. AT 2nd NODE                     1.1 in.     UNIFORMITY   7     ROOT RATING     EXCELLENT   KERNEL     LEAVES                      NO. ROWS     8-10     ANGLE           UPRIGHT     TYPE         SEMI DENT     COLOR           VARIGATED   SIZE         AVERAGE     TOTAL NUMBER    10-15       BODY COLOR   ORANGE     NUMBER ABOVE EAR                     5-6         CROWN COLOR  YELLOW     LENGTH, EAR LEAF                     26 in.      COB     MAX., WIDTH, EAR LEAF                     3.50        COLOR        WHITE     ANTHOCYANIN, MARGIN                     ABSENT      DIAMETER MIDPOINT                                              <1     ANTHOCYANIN, SHEATH                     ABSENT      INSECT RESISTANCE     PUBESCENCE, SHEATH                     ABSENT      ATTRACTIVE TO APHIDS                                              NO     PUBESCENCE, MARGINS                     ABSENT     PLANT, TILLERING TASSEL                     0.00     TASSEL     COMPACTNESS     AVERAGE     BRANCH ANGLE    30-60     NUMBER PRIMARY BRANCHES                     4-8     SECONDARY BRANCH                     ABSENT     LENGTH          10-14 in.     TASSEL FERTILITY                     1     SIZE RATING     6     TASSEL EXTENSION                     PARTIALLY ENCLOSED     SHED IN BOOT?   NO     DIFFICULTY IN PULLING                     AVERAGE     NUMBER LEAVES PULLED                     1     ANTHER COLOR    YELLOW     GLUME COLOR -              TIP    LIGHT GREEN              BASE   YELLOW              BAND   DARK GREEN     POLLEN SHED DURATION                     SHORT     POLLEN AMOUNT RATING                     HEAVY     7677bm3     COTYLEDON LEAF              EAR CHARACTERISTICS     ANTHOCYANIN     PRESENT     SILK COLOR   YELLOW     LENGTH          2-3         EAR LEAVES   ABSENT     PLANT AND STALK             HUSK     PLANT HEIGHT    5.5 ft.     COVERAGE     LONG     EAR HEIGHT      1.0 ft.     LOOSENESS    N/A     UNIFORMITY RATING                     8           EAR ANGLE RATING                                              6     ANTHOCY. IN BRACE ROOTS                     PRESENT     SHANK LENGTH <4     ANTHOCY. IN NODES                     ABSENT      EAR LENGTH   6-9     DIAM. AT 2nd NODE                     1.1 in.     EAR SHAPE    CYLINDRICAL     ROOT RATING     EXCELLENT   UNIFORMITY   7     LEAVES                      KERNEL     ANGLE           DROOPING    NO. ROWS     12     COLOR           LIGHT GREEN TYPE         SEMI DENT     TOTAL NUMBER    10-15       SIZE         AVERAGE     NUMBER ABOVE EAR                     5-6         BODY COLOR   ORANGE     LENGTH, EAR LEAF                     31 in.      CROWN COLOR  YELLOW     MAX., WIDTH, EAR LEAF                     3.00        COB     ANTHOCYANIN, MARGIN                     ABSENT      COLOR        PINK     ANTHOCYANIN, SHEATH                     ABSENT      DIAMETER MIDPOINT                                              1-2     PUBESCENCE, SHEATH                     ABSENT      INSECT RESISTANCE     PUBESCENCE, MARGINS                     PRESENT     ATTRACTIVE TO APHIDS                                              NO     PLANT, TILLERING TASSEL                     0.00     TASSEL     COMPACTNESS     AVERAGE     BRANCH ANGLE    30-60     NUMBER PRIMARY BRANCHES                     4-8     SECONDARY BRANCH                     ABSENT     LENGTH          >14 in.     TASSEL FERTILITY                     5     SIZE RATING     7     TASSEL EXTENSION                     PARTIALLY ENCLOSED     SHED IN BOOT?   NO     DIFFICULTY IN PULLING                     EASY     NUMBER LEAVES PULLED                     1     ANTHER COLOR    YELLOW     GLUME COLOR -              TIP    RED              BASE   RED              BAND   DARK GREEN     POLLEN SHED DURATION                     N\A     POLLEN AMOUNT RATING                     LONG     AR5252bm3     COTYLEDON LEAF              EAR CHARACTERISTICS     ANTHOCYANIN     PRESENT     SILK COLOR   YELLOW     LENGTH          2-3         EAR LEAVES   ABSENT     PLANT AND STALK             HUSK     PLANT HEIGHT    6.0 ft.     COVERAGE     COVERS TIP     EAR HEIGHT      2.0 ft.     LOOSENESS    N/A     UNIFORMITY RATING                     4           EAR ANGLE RATING                                              6     ANTHOCY. IN BRACE ROOTS                     PRESENT     SHANK LENGTH 4-12     ANTHOCY. IN NODES                     ABSENT      EAR LENGTH   6-9     DIAM. AT 2nd NODE                     1.1 in.     EAR SHAPE    CYLINDRICAL     ROOT RATING     EXCELLENT   UNIFORMITY   8     LEAVES                      KERNEL     ANGLE           UPRIGHT     NO. ROWS     16     COLOR           MEDIUM GREEN                                 TYPE         DENT     TOTAL NUMBER    10-15       SIZE         AVERAGE     NUMBER ABOVE EAR                     5-6         BODY COLOR   ORANGE     LENGTH, EAR LEAF                     30 in.      CROWN COLOR  YELLOW     MAX., WIDTH, EAR LEAF                     4.00        COB     ANTHOCYANIN, MARGIN                     ABSENT      COLOR        PINK     ANTHOCYANIN, SHEATH                     PRESENT     DIAMETER MIDPOINT                                              1-2     PUBESCENCE, SHEATH                     ABSENT      INSECT RESISTANCE     PUBESCENCE, MARGINS                     ABSENT      ATTRACTIVE TO APHIDS                                              NO     PLANT, TILLERING TASSEL                     0.00     TASSEL     COMPACTNESS     COMPACT     BRANCH ANGLE    <30     NUMBER PRIMARY BRANCHES                     4-8     SECONDARY BRANCH                     PRESENT     LENGTH          >14 in.     TASSEL FERTILITY                     7     SIZE RATING     4     TASSEL EXTENSION                     PARTIALLY ENCLOSED     SHED IN BOOT?   NO     DIFFICULTY IN PULLING                     EASY     NUMBER LEAVES PULLED                     1     ANTHER COLOR    YELLOW     GLUME COLOR -              TIP    RED              BASE   YELLOW              BAND   DARK GREEN     POLLEN SHED DURATION                     SHORT     POLLEN AMOUNT RATING                     LONG     Parental Description Legend     COTYLEDON LEAF     Anthocyanin (Present, Absent)     Length (<2, 2-3, >3 inches)     PLANT AND STALK     Plant Height (in feet)     Ear Height (in feet)     Uniformity (9-1 rating)     Anthocyanin In Brace Roots (Absent, Present, Dark)     Anthocyanin In Nodes (Ab, Present)     Stk Diameter at 2nd Node (in inches)     Root Rating (9 = Good Roots, 5 = Average Roots, 1 = Bad Roots)     LEAVES     Angle (Very Erect, Upright, Horizontal, Drooping)     Color (Dark Green, Medium Green, Light Green, Variegated)     Total # (<9. 10-15, >15)     # Above Ear (<5, 5-6, >6)     Length, Ear Leaf (in inches)     Max. Width, Ear Leaf (in inches)     Anthrocyanin, Margin (Absent, Present)     Anthrocyanin, Sheath (Absent, Present)     Pubescence, Sheath (Absent, Present, Very Hairy)     Pubescence, Margins (Absent, Present)     Plants, Tillering Tassel (%) Percentage     TASSEL     Compactness (Loose, Average, Compact)     Branch Angle (<30, 30-60, >60)     #, Primary Branches (<4, 4-8, >8)     Secondary Branches (Absent, Present)     Length (<10 in., 10-14, >14 in.)     Size (9-1) Rating     Shed in Boot (Yes, No)     Tassel Extension (Enclosed, Partially Enclosed, Open)     Tassel Fertility (9 = Male Sterile, 7 = Male Sterile, Anthers     Extruded and No Pollen, 5 = Intermediate     With Some Viable and Nonviable Pollen,     3 = Near Normal Pollen, 1 = Completely Normal     Pollen Shed and Viability)     Difficulty in Pulling (Easy, Average, Hard)     # Leaves Pulled (Ave)     Anther Color (Yellow, Green, Pink, Red, Purple)     Glume Color     Tip (Green, Light Green, Red, Yellow)     Base (Green, Light Green, Red, Yellow)     Banded (Dark Green, Red, Purple)     Pollen shed Duration (Short, Average, Long)     Pollen Amount (Low, Average, Heavy)     EAR CHARACTERISTICS     Silk Color (Green, Yellow, Pink, Red, Purple)     Ear Leaves (Absent, Medium, Long)     Husk     Coverage (Short, Covers tip, Long)     Looseness (Loose, Average, Tight)     Ear Angle at Harvest (9-1) Rating     Shank Length (<4, 4-12, >12)     Ear Length (<6, 6-9, >9)     Ear Shape (Cylindrical, Conical, Cylindrical/Conical)     Uniformity (9-1) Rating     Kernel     No. Rows (8-10, 12, 14, 16, >18)     Type (Flint, Semi dent, Dent, Rough dent)     Size (Small, Average, Large)     Body Color (White, Light Yellow, Yellow, Orange, Red)     Crown Color (White, Light Yellow, Yellow, Orange, Red)     Cob     Color (Red, Pink, White)     Diameter Midpoint (<1, 1-2, >2)     INSECT RESISTANCE     Attractive to Aphids (Yes, Average, No)     __________________________________________________________________________

                  TABLE 13     ______________________________________     Flowering Characteristics of bm Inbred Lines     ______________________________________     7675bm3     AR5252bm3     7677bm3     Slk Heat 1:             1,564   Slk Heat 1:                               1,534 Slk Heat 1:                                              1,683     Slk Heat M:             1,587   Slk Heat M:                               1,607 Slk Heat M:                                              1,738     Slk Heat F:             1,633   Slk Heat F:                               1,587 Slk Heat F:                                              1,794     Slk Days 1:             86      Slk Days 1:                               85    Slk Days 1:                                              91     Slk Days M:             87      Slk Days M:                               88    Slk Days M:                                              93     Slk Days F:             89      Slk Days F:                               87    Slk Days F:                                              95     Pol Heat 1:             1,534   Pol Heat 1:                               1,505 Pol Heat 1:                                              1,419     Pol Heat M:             1,587   Pol Heat M:                               1,534 Pol Heat M:                                              1,587     Pol Heat F:             1,607   Pol Heat F:                               1,587 Pol Heat F:                                              1,633     Pol Days 1:             85      Pol Days 1:                               84    Pol Days 1:                                              80     Pol Days M:             87      Pol Days M:                               85    Pol Days M:                                              87     Pol Days F:             88      Pol Days F:                               87    Pol Days F:                                              89     AR5651bm3              AR5251bm3     Slk Heat 1:                1,387       Slk Heat 1:                                      1,552     Slk Heat M:                1,437       Slk Heat M:                                      1,582     Slk Heat F:                1,479       Slk Heat F:                                      1,656     Slk Days 1:                83          Slk Days 1:                                      91     Slk Days M:                85          Slk Days M:                                      93     Slk Days F:                87          Slk Days F:                                      97     Pol Heat 1:                1,304       Pol Heat 1:                                      1,539     Pol Heat M:                1,387       Pol Heat M:                                      1,552     Pol Heat F:                1,459       Pol Heat F:                                      1,596     Pol Days 1:                79          Pol Days 1:                                      90     Pol Days M:                83          Pol Days M:                                      91     Pol Days F:                86          Pol Days F:                                      94     ______________________________________

                                      TABLE 14     __________________________________________________________________________     Trait Summary for XB657                    RATING                          SCALE   DEFINITION     __________________________________________________________________________     Trait:     Yield for Maturity (9-1)                    9     9-1     9 = GOOD 1 = POOR     Stalk Strength (9-1)                    Acceptable                          9-1     9 = GOOD 1 = POOR     Root Strength-Summer (9-1)                    9     9-1     9 = GOOD 1 = POOR     Root Strength-Fall (9-1)                    NA    9-1     9 = GOOD 1 = POOR     Test weight (9-1)                    NA    9-1     9 = GOOD 1 = POOR     Drydown (9-1)  NA    9-1     9 = GOOD 1 = POOR     Ear Retention (9-1)                    9     9-1     9 = GOOD 1 = POOR     Early Vigor (9-1)                    5     9-1     9 = GOOD 1 = POOR     Seed in Purple Color (9-1)                    4     9-1     9 = NO PURPLE 1 = DARK PURPLE     Greensnap Potential (9-1)                    9     9-1     9 = LOW 1 = HIGH     Drought Stress (9-1)                    7     9-1     9 = GOOD 1 = POOR     Stay Green (9-1)                    8     9-1     9 = GOOD 1 = POOR     Plant Health (9-1)                    7     9-1     9 = GOOD 1 = POOR     Recommended Population (H M L)                    H     H, M, L HIGH, MEDIUM, LOW     Plant Height (S MS M MT T)                    8.0   S, MS, M, MT, T                                  SHORT/MSHORT/MODERATE/MTALL/TA     Ear Height (S MS M MT T)                    3.5   S, MS, M, MT, T                                  SHORT/MSHORT/MODERATE/MTALL/TA     Cargill RM (# Days)                    115 (NA)                          DAYS    # DAYS     Flowering Date (E M L)                    M     E, M, L EARLY, MEDIUM, LATE     GDU's to Mid-Silk (#)                    1464  #       # UNITS     GDU's to Black Layer (#)                    2694  #       # UNITS     Plant Color (L M D)                    M     L, M, D LIGHT, MEDIUM, DARK     Leaf Angle (E U H D)                    U     E, U, H, D                                  ERECT/UPRIGHT/HORIZONTAL DROOPY     Leaf Width (W M N)                    M     W, M, N WIDE, MEDIUM, NARROW     Tillers (9-1)  8     9-1     9 = NONE 1 = MANY     Shank Length (9-1)                    5     9-1     9 = SHORT 1 = LONG     Husk Coverage (9-1)                    8     9-1     9 = GOOD 1 = POOR     Ear Tip Fill (9-1)                    6     9-1     9 = GOOD 1 = POOR     Ear Length (L M S)                    M     L, M, S LONG, MEDIUM, SHORT     Ear Girth G M S                    M     G, M, S GIRTHY, MEDIUM, SLENDER     Ear Flex (9-1) NA    9-1     9 = GOOD 1 = POOR     Kernel Rows (# Range)                    14-16 #       # RANGE     Kernel Depth (S M D)                    D     S, M, D SHALLOW, MODERATE, DEEP     Cob Color (R P W)                    P     R, P, W RED, PINK, WHITE     Kernel Color (W Y G B O R)                    Y     W, Y, G, B, O, R                                  WHITE, YLLW, GLD, BRNZ, ORNG, RED     Kernel Texture (F SF SD D)                    SD    F, SF, SD, D                                  FLINT, SEMIFLINT, SEMIDENT,     __________________________________________________________________________                                  DENT

                                      TABLE 15     __________________________________________________________________________     Trait Summary for XB757                    RATING                          SCALE   DEFINITION     __________________________________________________________________________     Trait:     Yield for Maturity (9-1)                    7     9-1     9 = GOOD 1 = POOR     Stalk Strength (9-1)                    Acceptable                          9-1     9 = GOOD 1 = POOR     Root Strength-Summer (9-1)                    9     9-1     9 = GOOD 1 = POOR     Root Strength-Fall (9-1)                    NA    9-1     9 = GOOD 1 = POOR     Test weight (9-1)                    NA    9-1     9 = GOOD 1 = POOR     Drydown (9-1)  NA    9-1     9 = GOOD 1 = POOR     Ear Retention (9-1)                    9     9-1     9 = GOOD 1 = POOR     Early Vigor (9-1)                    5     9-1     9 = GOOD 1 = POOR     Seeding Purple Color (9-1)                          9-1     9 = NO PURPLE 1 = DARK PURPLE     Greensnap Potential (9-1)                    8     9-1     9 = LOW 1 = HIGH     Drought Stress (9-1)                    8     9-1     9 = GOOD 1 = POOR     Stay Green (9-1)                    8     9-1     9 = GOOD 1 = POOR     Plant Health (9-1)                    8     9-1     9 = GOOD 1 = POOR     Recommended Population (H M L)                    H     H, M, L HIGH, MEDIUM, LOW     Plant Height (S MS M MT T)                    8.5   S, MS, M, MT, T                                  SHORT/MSHORT/MODERATE/MTALL/TA     Ear Height (S MS M MT T)                    3.0   S, MS, M, MT, T                                  SHORT/MSHORT/MODERATE/MTALL/TA     Cargill RM (# Days)  DAYS    # DAYS     Flowering Date (E M L)                    M     E, M, L EARLY, MEDIUM, LATE     GDU's to Mid-Silk (#)                    1529  #       # UNITS     GDU's to Black Layer (#)                    NA    #       # UNITS     Plant Color (L M D)  L, M, D LIGHT, MEDIUM, DARK     Leaf Angle (E U H D) E, U, H, D                                  ERECT/UPRIGHT/HORIZONTAL DROOPY     Leaf Width (W M N)   W, M, N WIDE, MEDIUM, NARROW     Tillers (9-1)        9-1     9 = NONE 1 = MANY     Shank Length (9-1)   9-1     9 = SHORT 1 = LONG     Husk Coverage (9-1)  9-1     9 = GOOD 1 = POOR     Ear Tip Fill (9-1)   9-1     9 = GOOD 1 = POOR     Ear Length (L M S)   L, M, S LONG, MEDIUM, SHORT     Ear Girth (G M S)    G, M, S GIRTHY, MEDIUM, SLENDER     Ear Flex (9-1) NA    9-1     9 = GOOD 1 = POOR     Kernel Rows (# Range)                          #       # RANGE     Kernel Depth (S M D) S, M, D SHALLOW, MODERATE, DEEP     Cob Color (R P W)                    P     R, P, W RED, PINK, WHITE     Kernel Color (W Y G B O R)                          W, Y, G, B, O, R                                  WHITE, YLLW, GLD, BRNZ, ORNG, RED     Kernel Texture (F SF SD D)                          F, SF, SD, D                                  FLINT, SEMIFLINT, SEMIDENT,     __________________________________________________________________________                                  DENT

                  TABLE 16     ______________________________________     Pairwise Comparison of XB657 and XB657*     Traits     XB657     XB657     Range   #Loc.     ______________________________________     Plant Features     Plant Hgt  45.54     47.18     -1.64   5     Ear Hgt    18.80     19.80     -1.00   5     Yield Profile     70% Tons/A 25.00     27.49     -2.49   6     DM Tons/A  7.50      8.25      -0.75   6     DDM Tons/A 5.90      6.07      -0.17   6     Quality Profile     % ADF      23.18     24.83     -1.65   6     % NDF      43.56     45.08     -1.52   6     % ASH      4.62      4.51      0.11    6     % CP       8.92      8.29      0.63    6     % IVTD     78.75     73.26     5.49    6     % IVCWD    50.99     40.64     10.35   6     % WP Mst   70.83     66.54     4.29    6     % WP DM    29.17     33.46     -4.29   6     Energy Values     TDN        67.97     66.28     1.69    6     NEL (Mcal/LB)                0.69      0.67      0.02    6     NFC %      39.80     39.02     0.78    6     Lbs CP/A   1,330.26  1,355.60  -25.34  6     Lbs TDN/A  10,223.68 11,006.10 -782.42 6     Lbs NEL/A  10,295.38 11,028.58 -733.20 6     Lbs DDM/Ton                1,574.90  1,465.23  109.67  6     LBS CP/Ton 178.40    165.87    12.53   6     ______________________________________      *Summary over two years

                  TABLE 17     ______________________________________     Pairwise Comparison of XB757 and 757     Traits     XB657     XB657     Range   #Loc.     ______________________________________     Plant Features     Plant Hgt  45.28     49.38     -4.10   5     Ear Hgt    19.06     21.42     -2.36   5     Yield Profile     70% Tons/A 27.00     30.23     -3.23   6     DM Tons/A  8.10      9.07      -0.97   6     DDM Tons/A 6.22      6.50      -0.28   6     Quality Profile     % ADF      23.29     25.39     -2.10   6     % NDF      44.96     46.97     -2.01   6     % ASH      4.59      4.32      0.27    6     % CP       8.49      8.12      0.37    6     % IVTD     76.65     71.79     4.86    6     % IVCWD    47.88     39.89     7.99    6     % WP Mst   69.93     68.17     1.76    6     % WP DM    30.07     31.83     -1.76   6     Energy Values     TDN        67.82     65.68     2.14    6     NEL (Mcal/LB)                0.68      0.66      0.02    6     NFC %      38.85     37.50     1.35    6     Lbs CP/A   1,354.67  1,474.91  -120.24 6     Lbs TDN/A  11,019.01 11,942.15 -923.14 6     Lbs NEL/A  11,097.71 11,935.90 -838.19 6     Lbs DDM/Ton                1,533.00  1,435.80  97.20   6     LBS CP/Ton 169.87    162.33    7.54    6     ______________________________________      *Summary over two years of data at 6 locations

                                      TABLE 18     __________________________________________________________________________     Description of Lines AR57551bm3, AR5152bm3 and AR5151bm3     __________________________________________________________________________     AR5751bm3     COTYLEDON LEAF              EAR CHARACTERISTICS     ANTHOCYANIN     PRESENT     SILK COLOR   YELLOW     LENGTH          2-3         EAR LEAVES   ABSENT                                 HUSK     PLANT AND STALK             COVERAGE     LONG     PLANT HEIGHT    5.5 ft.     LOOSENESS    N/A     EAR HEIGHT      1.5 ft.     UNIFORMITY RATING                     7           EAR ANGLE RATING                                              7     ANTHOCY. IN BRACE ROOTS                     PRESENT     SHANK LENGTH 4-12     ANTHOCY. IN NODES                     ABSENT      EAR LENGTH     DIAM. AT 2nd NODE                     1.2 in.     EAR SHAPE     ROOT RATING     EXCELLENT   CYLINDRICAL/CONICAL                                 UNIFORMITY   7     LEAVES                      KERNEL     ANGLE           UPRIGHT     NO. ROWS     16     COLOR           LIGHT GREEN TYPE         DENT     TOTAL NUMBER    10-15       SIZE         SMALL     NUMBER ABOVE EAR                     5-6         BODY COLOR   ORANGE     LENGTH, EAR LEAF                     26 in.      CROWN COLOR  YELLOW     MAX., WIDTH, EAR LEAF                     3.00     ANTHOCYANIN, MARGIN                     ABSENT     ANTHOCYANIN, SHEATH                     ABSENT      COB     PUBESCENCE, SHEATH                     ABSENT      COLOR        RED     PUBESCENCE, MARGINS                     ABSENT      DIAMETER MIDPOINT                                              1-2     PLANT, TILLERING TASSEL                     0.00     TASSEL                      INSECT RESISTANCE     COMPACTNESS     AVERAGE     ATTRACTIVE TO APHIDS                                              NO     BRANCH ANGLE    30-60     NUMBER PRIMARY BRANCHES     SECONDARY BRANCH                     ABSENT     LENGTH          10-14 in.     TASSEL FERTILITY                     1     SIZE RATING     7     TASSEL EXTENSION                     PARTIALLY ENCLOSED     SHED IN BOOT?   NO     DIFFICULTY IN PULLING                     AVERAGE     NUMBER LEAVES PULLED                     2     ANTHER COLOR    YELLOW     GLUME COLOR - TIP                     LIGHT GREEN     BASE            GREEN     BAND            DARK GREEN     POLLEN SHED DURATION                     N\A     POLLEN AMOUNT RATING                     HEAVY     AR5152bm3     COTYLEDON LEAF              EAR CHARACTERISTICS     ANTHOCYANIN     ABSENT      SILK COLOR   YELLOW     LENGTH          2-3         EAR LEAVES   ABSENT                                 HUSK     PLANT AND STALK             COVERAGE     LONG     PLANT HEIGHT    6.5 ft.     LOOSENESS    N/A     EAR HEIGHT      2.5 ft.     UNIFORMITY RATING                     8           EAR ANGLE RATING                                              7     ANTHOCY. IN BRACE ROOTS                     PRESENT     SHANK LENGTH 4-12     ANTHOCY. IN NODES                     ABSENT      EAR LENGTH     DIAM. AT 2nd NODE                     1.3 in.     EAR SHAPE    CYLINDRICAL     ROOT RATING     EXCELLENT   UNIFORMITY   8     LEAVES                      KERNEL     ANGLE           UPRIGHT     NO. ROWS     14     COLOR           MEDIUM      TYPE         SEMI DENT     TOTAL NUMBER    10-15       SIZE         AVERAGE     NUMBER ABOVE EAR                     5-6         BODY COLOR   ORANGE     LENGTH, EAR LEAF                     26 in.      CROWN COLOR  YELLOW     MAX., WIDTH, EAR LEAF                     2.50     ANTHOCYANIN, MARGIN                     ABSENT     ANTHOCYANIN, SHEATH                     ABSENT      COB     PUBESCENOE, SHEATH                     ABSENT      COLOR        PINK     PUBESCENOE, MARGINS                     PRESENT     DIAMETER MIDPOINT                                              <1     PLANT, TILLERING TASSEL                     0.00     TASSEL                      INSECT RESISTANCE     COMPACTNESS     AVERAGE     ATTRACTIVE TO APHIDS                                              NO     BRANCH ANGLE    30-60     NUMBER PRIMARY BRANCHES                     4-8     SECONDARY BRANCH                     PRESENT     LENGTH          10-14 in.     TASSEL FERTILITY                     3     SIZE RATING     4     TASSEL EXTENSION                     PARTIALLY ENCLOSED     SHED IN BOOT?   NO     DIFFICULTY IN PULLING                     EASY     NUMBER LEAVES PULLED                     2     ANTHER COLOR    YELLOW     GLUME COLOR - TIP                     RED     BASE            YELLOW     BAND            DARK GREEN     POLLEN SHED DURATION                     N\A     POLLEN AMOUNT RATING                     LONG     AR5151bm3     COTYLEDON LEAF              EAR CHARACTERISTICS     ANTHOCYANIN     PRESENT     SILK COLOR   YELLOW     LENGTH          2-3         EAR LEAVES   ABSENT                                 HUSK     PLANT AND STALK             COVERAGE     LONG     PLANT HEIGHT    6.0 ft.     LOOSENESS    N/A     EAR HEIGHT      2.0 ft.     UNIFORMITY RATING                     7           EAR ANGLE RATING                                              7     ANTHOCY. IN BRACE ROOTS                     DARK        SHANK LENGTH 4-12     ANTHOCY. IN NODES                     ABSENT      EAR LENGTH     DIAM. AT 2nd NODE                     1.0 in.     EAR SHAPE    CYLINDRICAL     ROOT RATING     EXCELLENT   UNIFORMITY   8     LEAVES                      KERNEL     ANGLE           HORIZONTAL  NO. ROWS     14     COLOR           LIGHT GREEN TYPE         SEMI DENT     TOTAL NUMBER    10-15       SIZE         AVERAGE     NUMBER ABOVE EAR                     5-6         BODY COLOR   ORANGE     LENGTH, EAR LEAF                     26 in.      CROWN COLOR  YELLOW     MAX., WIDTH, EAR LEAF                     2.50     ANTHOCYANIN, MARGIN                     ABSENT     ANTHOCYANIN, SHEATH                     ABSENT      COB     PUBESCENOE, SHEATH                     ABSENT      COLOR        PINK     PUBESCENOE, MARGINS                     ABSENT      DIAMETER MIDPOINT                                              <1     PLANT, TILLERING TASSEL                     0.00     TASSEL                      INSECT RESISTANCE     COMPACTNESS     AVERAGE     ATTRACTIVE TO APHIDS                                              NO     BRANCH ANGLE    30-60     NUMBER PRIMARY BRANCHES                     4-6     SECONDARY BRANCH                     ABSENT     LENGTH          10-14 in.     TASSEL FERTILITY                     1     SIZE RATING     4     TASSEL EXTENSION                     PARTIALLY ENCLOSED     SHED IN BOOT?   NO     DIFFICULTY IN PULLING                     AVERAGE     NUMBER LEAVES PULLED                     1     ANTHER COLOR    YELLOW     GLUME COLOR - TIP                     RED     BASE            LIGHT GREEN     BAND            DARK GREEN     POLLEN SHED DURATION                     N\A     POLLEN AMOUNT RATING                     AVERAGE     __________________________________________________________________________

                  TABLE 19     ______________________________________            AR5751BM3            Slk Heat 1:                     1,441            Slk Heat M:                     1,463            Slk Heat F:                     1,505            Slk Days 1:                     81            Slk Days M:                     82            Slk Days F:                     84            Pol Heat 1:                     1,463            Pol Heat M:                     1,485            Pol Heat F:                     1,505            Pol Days 1:                     82            Pol Days M:                     83            Pol Days F:                     84            AR5152BM3            Slk Heat 1:                     1,587            Slk Heat M:                     1,607            Slk Heat F:                     1,633            Slk Days 1:                     87            Slk Days M:                     88            Slk Days F:                     89            Pol Heat 1:                     1,534            Pol Heat M:                     1,564            Pol Heat F:                     1,587            Pol Days 1:                     85            Pol Days M:                     86            Pol Days F:                     87            AR5151BM3            Slk Heat 1:                     1,256            Slk Heat M:                     1,300            Slk Heat F:                     1,345            Slk Days 1:                     73            Slk Days M:                     75            Slk Days F:                     77            Pol Heat 1:                     1,175            Pol Heat M:                     1,231            Pol Heat F:                     1,345            Pol Days 1:                     70            Pol Days M:                     72            Pol Days F:                     77     ______________________________________

                                      TABLE 20     __________________________________________________________________________     Description of Line AR5654bm3     __________________________________________________________________________     AR5654bm3     COTYLEDON LEAF              EAR CHARACTERISTICS     ANTHOCYANIN     PRESENT     SILK COLOR   PINK     LENGTH          2-3         EAR LEAVES   ABSENT                                 HUSK     PLANT AND STALK             COVERAGE     COVERS TIP     PLANT HEIGHT    6.0 ft.     LOOSENESS    N/A     EAR HEIGHT      1.5 ft.     UNIFORMITY RATING                     7           EAR ANGLE RATING                                              6     ANTHOCY. IN BRACE ROOTS                     PRESENT     SHANK LENGTH 4-12     ANTHOCY. IN NODES                     ABSENT      EAR LENGTH     DIAM. AT 2nd NODE                     1.1 in.     EAR SHAPE    CYLINDRICAL     ROOT RATING     EXCELLENT   UNIFORMITY   7     LEAVES                      KERNEL     ANGLE           HORIZONTAL  NO. ROWS     14     COLOR           MEDIUM      TYPE         FLINT     TOTAL NUMBER    10-15       SIZE         SMALL     NUMBER ABOVE EAR                     >6          BODY COLOR   ORANGE     LENGTH, EAR LEAF                     19 in.      CROWN COLOR  YELLOW     MAX., WIDTH, EAR LEAF                     2.00     ANTHOCYANIN, MARGIN                     ABSENT     ANTHOCYANIN, SHEATH                     ABSENT      COB     PUBESCENOE, SHEATH                     PRESENT     COLOR        RED     PUBESCENOE, MARGINS                     ABSENT      DIAMETER MIDPOINT                                              <1     PLANT, TILLERING TASSEL                     0.00     TASSEL                      INSECT RESISTANCE     COMPACTNESS     LOOSE       ATTRACTIVE TO APHIDS                                              NO     BRANCH ANGLE    >60     NUMBER PRIMARY BRANCHES     SECONDARY BRANCH                     ABSENT     LENGTH          >14 in.     TASSEL FERTILITY                     1     SIZE RATING     6     TASSEL EXTENSION                     PARTIALLY ENCLOSED     SHED IN BOOT?   N/A     DIFFICULTY IN PULLING                     EASY     NUMBER LEAVES PULLED                     2     ANTHER COLOR    YELLOW     GLUME COLOR - TIP                     RED     BASE            LIGHT GREEN     BAND            DARK GREEN     POLLEN SHED DURATION                     N/A     POLLEN AMOUNT RATING                     AVERAGE     __________________________________________________________________________

                                      TABLE 21     __________________________________________________________________________     Description of Line AR5253bm3     __________________________________________________________________________     AR5253bm3     COTYLEDON LEAF              EAR CHARACTERISTICS     ANTHOCYANIN     PRESENT     SILK COLOR   YELLOW     LENGTH          2-3         EAR LEAVES   ABSENT                                 HUSK     PLANT AND STALK             COVERAGE     COVERS TIP     PLANT HEIGHT    6.0 ft.     LOOSENESS    N/A     EAR HEIGHT      2.5 ft.     UNIFORMITY RATING                     5           EAR ANGLE RATING                                              6     ANTHOCY. IN BRACE ROOTS                     PRESENT     SHANK LENGTH 4-12     ANTHOCY. IN NODES                     ABSENT      EAR LENGTH   6-9     DIAM. AT 2nd NODE                     1.1 in.     EAR SHAPE    CYLINDRICAL     ROOT RATING     EXCELLENT   UNIFORMITY   8     LEAVES                      KERNEL     ANGLE           UPRIGHT     NO. ROWS     14     COLOR           MEDIUM      TYPE         SEMI DENT     TOTAL NUMBER    10-15       SIZE         AVERAGE     NUMBER ABOVE EAR                     5-6         BODY COLOR   ORANGE     LENGTH, EAR LEAF                     25 in.      CROWN COLOR  YELLOW     MAX., WIDTH, EAR LEAF                     3.00     ANTHOCYANIN, MARGIN                     ABSENT     ANTHOCYANIN, SHEATH                     PRESENT     COB     PUBESCENOE, SHEATH                     PRESENT     COLOR        RED     PUBESCENOE, MARGINS                     ABSENT      DIAMETER MIDPOINT                                              1-2     PLANT, TILLERING TASSEL                     0.00     TASSEL                      INSECT RESISTANCE     COMPACTNESS     AVERAGE     ATTRACTIVE TO APHIDS                                              NO     BRANCH ANGLE    30-60     NUMBER PRIMARY BRANCHES     SECONDARY BRANCH                     PRESENT     LENGTH          10-14 in.     TASSEL FERTILITY                     3     SIZE RATING     4     TASSEL EXTENSION                     PARTIALLY ENCLOSED     SHED IN BOOT?   NO     DIFFICULTY IN PULLING                     EASY     NUMBER LEAVES PULLED                     1     ANTHER COLOR    YELLOW     GLUME COLOR - TIP                     RED     BASE            YELLOW     BAND            DARK GREEN     POLLEN SHED DURATION                     N\A     POLLEN AMOUNT RATING                     AVERAGE     __________________________________________________________________________

                                      TABLE 22     __________________________________________________________________________     Description of Line AR5153bm3     __________________________________________________________________________     AR5153bm3     COTYLEDON LEAF              EAR CHARACTERISTICS     ANTHOCYANIN     PRESENT     SILK COLOR   YELLOW     LENGTH          2-3         EAR LEAVES   ABSENT                                 HUSK     PLANT AND STALK             COVERAGE     LONG     PLANT HEIGHT    6.0 ft.     LOOSENESS    N/A     EAR HEIGHT      2.0 ft.     UNIFORMITY RATING                     6           EAR ANGLE RATING                                              7     ANTHOCY. IN BRACE ROOTS                     PRESENT     SHANK LENGTH     ANTHOCY. IN NODES                     ABSENT      EAR LENGTH   N/A     DIAM. AT 2nd NODE                     1.3 in.     EAR SHAPE    N/A     ROOT RATING     EXCELLENT   UNIFORMITY   0     LEAVES                      KERNEL     ANGLE           UPRIGHT     NO. ROWS     N/A     COLOR           MEDIUM      TYPE         N/A     TOTAL NUMBER    10-15       SIZE         N/A     NUMBER ABOVE EAR                     5-6         BODY COLOR   N/A     LENGTH, EAR LEAF                     28 in.      CROWN COLOR  N/A     MAX., WIDTH, EAR LEAF                     3.50     ANTHOCYANIN, MARGIN                     ABSENT     ANTHOCYANIN, SHEATH                     ABSENT      COB     PUBESCENOE, SHEATH                     ABSENT      COLOR        N/A     PUBESCENOE, MARGINS                     PRESENT     DIAMETER MIDPOINT                                              N/A     PLANT, TILLERING TASSEL                     0.00     TASSEL                      INSECT RESISTANCE     COMPACTNESS     COMPACT     ATTRACTIVE TO APHIDS                                              NO     BRANCH ANGLE    <30     NUMBER PRIMARY BRANCHES                     4-6     SECONDARY BRANCH                     PRESENT     LENGTH          10-14 in.     TASSEL FERTILITY                     3     SIZE RATING     0     TASSEL EXTENSION                     PARTIALLY ENCLOSED     SHED IN BOOT?   YES     DIFFICULTY IN PULLING                     EASY     NUMBER LEAVES PULLED                     2     ANTHER COLOR    YELLOW     GLUME COLOR - TIP                     LIGHT GREEN     BASE            LIGHT GREEN     BAND            DARK GREEN     POLLEN SHED DURATION                     N/A     POLLEN AMOUNT RATING                     LONG     __________________________________________________________________________

                                      TABLE 23     __________________________________________________________________________     Description of Line AR5551bm3     __________________________________________________________________________     AR5551bm3     COTYLEDON LEAF              EAR CHARACTERISTICS     ANTHOCYANIN     PRESENT     SILK COLOR   YELLOW     LENGTH          2-3         EAR LEAVES                                 HUSK     PLANT AND STALK             COVERAGE     SHORT     PLANT HEIGHT    5.5 ft.     LOOSENESS    N/A     EAR HEIGHT      1.5 ft.     UNIFORMITY RATING                     7           EAR ANGLE RATING                                              5     ANTHOCY. IN BRACE ROOTS                     PRESENT     SHANK LENGTH >12     ANTHOCY. IN NODES                     ABSENT      EAR LENGTH   6-9     DIAM. AT 2nd NODE                     2.9 in.     EAR SHAPE    CYLINDRICAL     ROOT RATING     EXCELLENT   UNIFORMITY   5     LEAVES                      KERNEL     ANGLE           DROOPING    NO. ROWS     16     COLOR           MEDIUM      TYPE         SEMI DENT     TOTAL NUMBER    10-15       SIZE         AVERAGE     NUMBER ABOVE EAR                     5-6         BODY COLOR   ORANGE     LENGTH, EAR LEAF                     30 in.      CROWN COLOR  YELLOW     MAX., WIDTH, EAR LEAF                     4.00     ANTHOCYANIN, MARGIN                     ABSENT     ANTHOCYANIN, SHEATH                     ABSENT      COB     PUBESCENOE, SHEATH                     ABSENT      COLOR        WHITE     PUBESCENOE, MARGINS                     PRESENT     DIAMETER MIDPOINT                                              1-2     PLANT, TILLERING TASSEL                     0.00     TASSEL                      INSECT RESISTANCE     COMPACTNESS     LOOSE       ATTRACTIVE TO APHIDS                                              NO     BRANCH ANGLE    >60     NUMBER PRIMARY BRANCHES                     >8     SECONDARY BRANCH                     ABSENT     LENGTH          >14 in.     TASSEL FERTILITY                     1     SIZE RATING     6     TASSEL EXTENSION                     PARTIALLY ENCLOSED     SHED IN BOOT?   NO     DIFFICULTY IN PULLING                     AVERAGE     NUMBER LEAVES PULLED                     1     ANTHER COLOR    YELLOW     GLUME COLOR - TIP                     LIGHT GREEN     BASE            LIGHT GREEN     BAND            DARK GREEN     POLLEN SHED DURATION                     N/A     POLLEN AMOUNT RATING                     HEAVY     __________________________________________________________________________ 

What is claimed is:
 1. Inbred corn seed designated AR 5252bm3 and having ATCC accession number
 209624. 2. Hybrid corn seed produced from plants of a first inbred corn line, designated AR5252bm3 and having ATCC accession number 209624, and plants of a second inbred line that is homozygous for bm3.
 3. An F₁ hybrid corn plant produced by:(a) planting and growing seeds of a first corn inbred line designated AR5252bm3, and represented by seed having ATCC accession number 209624, said seeds planted in pollinating proximity to seeds of a second inbred line that is homozygous for bm3; (b) preventing pollen production on plants resulting from either said first or said second inbred line seeds; (c) allowing cross pollination to occur between said plants of said inbred lines; (d) harvesting seeds produced on said plants of step (b); and (e) growing at least one harvested seed of step (d).
 4. The hybrid corn plant of claim 3, wherein at step (b) said pollen production is prevented on said first corn inbred line AR5252bm3, represented by seed having ATCC accession number
 209624. 5. An F₁ hybrid corn seed produced by:(a) planting and growing seeds of a first corn inbred line AR5252bm3, represented by seed having ATCC accession number 209624, said seeds planted in pollinating proximity to seeds of a second inbred line that is homozygous for bm3; (b) preventing pollen production on plants resulting from either said first or said second inbred line seeds; (c) allowing cross pollination to occur between said plants of said inbred lines; (d) harvesting seeds produced on said plants of step (b).
 6. The hybrid corn seed of claim 5 wherein at step (b), said pollen production is prevented on said first corn inbred line AR5252bm3, represented by seed having ATCC accession number
 209624. 